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srinagar

srinagar

Srinagar (English: /ˈsriːnəɡər/ ( listen), Kashmiri pronunciation: [siriːnagar]) is the largest city and the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir. It lies in the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus, and Dal and Anchar lakes. The city is known for its natural environment, gardens, waterfronts and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts like Kashmir shawls and also dried fruits.[11][12] It is the northernmost city of India to have over one million people,[13] the 32nd most populous city in the country, and the second largest city located in the Himalayas, after Kathmandu.

HISTORY

In 1989, Srinagar became the focus of the insurgency against Indian rule. The area continues to be a highly politicised hotbed of separatist activity with frequent spontaneous protests and strikes (“bandhs” in local parlance). On 19 January 1990, the Gawakadal massacre of at least 50 unarmed protestors by Indian forces, and up to 280 by some estimates from eyewitness accounts, set the stage for bomb blasts, shootouts, and curfews that characterised Srinagar throughout the early and mid-1990s.[24][25] As a result, bunkers and checkpoints are found throughout the city, although their numbers have come down in the past few years as militancy has declined. However, frequent protests still occur against Indian rule, such as the 22 August 2008 rally in which hundreds of thousands of Kashmiri civilians protested against Indian rule in Srinagar.[26][27] Similar protests took place every summer for the next 4 years. In 2010 alone 120 protesters, many of whom were stone pelters and arsonists, were killed by police and CRPF. Large scale protests were seen following the execution of Afzal Guru in February 2013.[28] In 2016, after the death of militant leader Burhan Wani, there were mass protests in the valley and about 87 protesters were killed by Indian Army, CRPF and police in the 2016 Kashmir unrest.

GEOGRAPHY

The city is located on both the sides of the Jhelum River, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Wular Lake. The city is known for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city.

There are a number of lakes and swamps in and around the city. These include the Dal, the Nigeen, the Anchar, Khushal Sar, Gil Sar and Hokersar.

Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds.

Hokersar is 14 km (8.7 mi) north of Srinagar, and is a world class wetland spread over 13.75 km2 (5.31 sq mi) including lake and marshy area. It is the most accessible and well-known of Kashmir’s wetlands which include Hygam, Shalibug and Mirgund. A record number of migratory birds have visited Hokersar in recent years.

 
Srinagar city and its vicinity in

ECONOMY

Shikaras on Dal Lake

In November 2011, the City Mayors Foundation – an advocacy think tank – announced that Srinagar was the 92nd fastest growing urban areas in the world in terms of economic growth, based on actual data from 2006 onwards and projections to 2020.

tourism

Srinagar is one of several places that have been called the “Venice of the East”.[46][47][48] Lakes around the city include Dal Lake – noted for its houseboats – and Nigeen Lake. Apart from Dal Lake and Nigeen Lake, Wular Lake and Manasbal Lake both lie to the north of Srinagar. Wular Lake is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia.

Srinagar has some Mughal gardens, forming a part of those laid by the Mughal emperors across the Indian subcontinent. Those of Srinagar and its close vicinity include Chashma Shahi (the royal fountains); Pari Mahal (the palace of the fairies); Nishat Bagh (the garden of spring); Shalimar Bagh; the Naseem Bagh. Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Botanical Garden is a botanical garden in the city, set up in 1969.[49] The Indian government has included these gardens under “Mughal Gardens of Jammu and Kashmir” in the tentative list for sites to be included in world Heritage sites.

srinagar DISTRICT

District Srinagar is the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir (UT). It is situated in the centre of the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River and is surrounded by four districts and Ladakh UT. In the north it is flanked by Ladakh (UT) and Ganderbal in the South by Pulwama in the north-west by Budgam. The capital city of Srinagar is located 1585 meters above sea level. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dried fruits.
The city is located on both the sides of the Jhelum River, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Dal Lake. The city is famous for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city.

Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds.

demographics

As of 2011 census Srinagar urban agglomeration had 1,273,312 population.[13] Both the city and the urban agglomeration has average literacy rate of approximately 70%.[13][56] The child population of both the city and the urban agglomeration is approximately 12% of the total population.[13] Males constituted 53.0% and females 47% of the population. The sex ratio in the city area is 888 females per 1000 males, whereas in the urban agglomeration it is 880 per 1,000.[13][57] The predominant religion of Srinagar is Islam with 96% of the population being Muslim. Hindus constitute the second largest religious group representing 2.75% of the population. The remaining population constitutes Sikhs, Buddhist and Jains.

Srinagar CityTotalMaleFemale
City + Out Growths1,206,419631,830574,589
City Population1,180,570618,790561,780
Literates710,969407,426303,543
Children (0-6)152,44581,79570,650
Average Literacy (%)69.15 %75.87 %61.81 %
Sexratio908 
Child Sexratio864 

transport

TRAINS

Srinagar is a station on the 119 km (74 mi) long Banihal-Baramulla line that started in October 2009 and connects Baramulla to Srinagar, Anantnag and Qazigund. The railway track also connects to Banihal across the Pir Panjal mountains through a newly constructed 11 km long Banihal tunnel, and subsequently to the Indian railway network after a few years. It takes approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds for a train to cross the tunnel. It is the longest rail tunnel in India. This railway system, proposed in 2001, is not expected to connect the Indian railway network until 2017 at the earliest, with a cost overrun of 55 billion INR.[61] The train also runs during heavy snow.

BUS

The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) is a public sector passenger road transport corporation which services Uttar Pradesh, India, and adjoining states.[2] UPSRTC operates as a state and interstate bus service and has the largest fleet of buses in North India.[citation needed] The corporate office of the corporation are located in Lucknow.

AIRPORT

Srinagar International Airport has regular domestic flights to Leh, Jammu, Chandigarh, Delhi and Mumbai and occasional international flights. An expanded terminal capable of handling both domestic and international flights was inaugurated on 14 February 2009 with Air India Express flights to Dubai. Hajj flights also operate from this airport to Saudi Arabia.

MARKET

Royal Bazaar is a supermarket offering a wide variety of grocery, beverages and household products. They guarantee professional service and the highest quality of the assortment. They deliver the freshest quality products and providing the friendliest service. Their customers can avail the best range of products at a competitive price. Customers can either make payments through cash, cheques or debit cards.

SHOPPING MALL

Sarah City Centre is one of the best shopping malls in Srinagar, JK. The mall has mostly branded garment authorised showrooms and a variety of shops. The shops at Sarah mall offers branded clothes and accessories. Sarah City Centre has apparel outlets, axis bank, and underground parking. You can even avail wheelchair access. The mall provides an unparalleled commitment. It offers the largest food court in Srinagar.

MOVIE THREATERS

The 30-years dream of the new generation in the Kashmir valley to watch movies in a multiplex has been shattered as the permission to build a cinema hall in Srinagar’s cantonment has expired due to failure of the builder to construct the multi-storied commercial complex within the stipulated time.

Cinema halls in the Kashmir valley were shut or burnt 30 years ago by terrorists who issued the diktat that watching movies was un-Islamic.

It was after three decades that hope of having a cinema hall in Srinagar was rekindled when the government in 2018 allowed construction of a multiplex in the cantonment area that was considered safe. The multiplex was supposed to begin screening of movies in the summer of next year.

PARKS

Shalimar Bagh was built by Shah Jahan, Mughal emperor for his beloved wife 1619. It is one of the magnificent with splendid Mughal architecture. The Shalimar Bagh layout is an excellent example of elaborate architecture. The first terrace in the garden is Diwan-e-Aam, and the second terrace is known as Diwan-e-Khas. There are four hundred and forty fountains in both the Diwan-e-Khas and Diwan-e-Aam. The stunning arches are known as Chini khanas which will be lighted with oil lamps. You will be impressed by the breathtaking beauty of the garden.

HOSPITALS

Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences is a well established multispeciality hospital in Srinagar. The hospital has seven floors each comprising of two independent wards and two floors for Paying Wards. In addition, there are areas for Post Transplant, Hematology-Oncology, and Burns patients. The hospital offers 24 hours of emergency service who are either victims of road accidents, violence, medical emergencies as well as critically sick patients. They have a dedicated team of doctors providing quality healthcare with good experience, along with skilled nursing and paramedic staff.

srinagar LOCAL AREAS

Khanmoh
Peerbagh
Mustafabad
Sanat Nagar
Naseem Bagh
Zainakote
Hyderpora
Sumbal Sonawari
Balgarden
Hamdaniya Colony
Kalnat Pura
Qamarwari
Natipora
Pantha Chowk
Bemina
Lasjan
Bagh-i-Mehtab
Harwan
Nawakadal
Wathora
Shiv Pora
Shalimar
Elachi Bagh
Zakura
Badami Bagh Cantonment
Mehjoor Nagar
Ram Bagh
Nowhatta
Nishat
Habba Kadal
Rajbagh
Soura
Mujgund
Lal Chowk
Lal Bazar
Lal Gam
Buchpora
Lawaypora
Jawahar Nagar

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